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CFD simulation of compound helicopter flight test

JAXA Supercomputer System Annual Report February 2022-January 2023

Report Number: R22EDA102C20

Subject Category: Aeronautical Technology

PDF available here

  • Responsible Representative: Hitoshi Arizono,Aeronautical Technology Directorate, Aviation Environmental Sustainability Innovation Hub Aeronautical Technology Directorate
  • Contact Information: Keita Kimura(kimura.keita@jaxa.jp)
  • Members: Yusuke Hamamoto, Fumihiro Kajiwara, Keita Kimura, Masahiko Sugiura, Hideaki Sugawara, Yasutada Tanabe

Abstract

CFD analysis of the aerodynamic performance and feasibility of JAXA’s proposed compound helicopter with a main rotor + wing + propeller configuration will be conducted in this project. In particular, CFD analysis will be conducted to analyze the performance of the optimum high-mu rotor blades (mu is advance ratio) for high-speed flight, and to investigate cases corresponding to the flight test of the model compound helicopter conducted in FY2022. Through these simulations, we will proceed to demonstrate the elemental technologies related to the feasibility of the proposed helicopter.

Reference URL

N/A

Reasons and benefits of using JAXA Supercomputer System

In the analysis of simulated flight tests, it is necessary to understand the performance under a wide range of flight conditions that may occur during the test as well as the target cruise conditions, and it is considered appropriate to analyze a large number of cases using a supercomputer.

Achievements of the Year

This year, we conducted a replicated analysis of a model compound helicopter flight test conducted in Taiki Town, Hokkaido, Japan. In this test, the performance of the optimal rotor blades designed by JAXA for high-speed helicopters and the blades of conventional helicopters were compared, and this was followed up with CFD verification.

Figure 1 shows the appearance of the computational grid used in the CFD analysis. In this simulations, the fuselage is included in the computational space in addition to the rotor to increase the fidelity. This allows the analysis to take into account the interference between the blades and the fuselage.

Figure 2 shows a visualization of the flow field around the fuselage during forward flight (based on Q values). CFD simulations can investigate the performance of the rotorcraft while taking such aerodynamic interference problems into account.

Figure 3 shows the rotor performance (effective lift-drag ratio) based on the aerodynamic distribution obtained by CFD. The horizontal axis uses the advance ratio, which is the ratio of blade tip speed to flight speed. Conventional helicopters would operate up to about mu = 0.3, but a high-speed helicopter is expected to operate under higher advance ratios than that, and analysis in this region is important. The key to rotor design is how to extract performance from these severe aerodynamic conditions, where the asymmetry between the advancing and retreating sides becomes noticable.

Annual Reoprt Figures for 2022

Fig.1: Appearance of computational grid

 

Annual Reoprt Figures for 2022

Fig.2: View of flow field around rotor + fuselage

 

Annual Reoprt Figures for 2022

Fig.3: Example of analysis results (advance ratio vs. effective lift-drag ratio)

 

Publications

N/A

Usage of JSS

Computational Information

  • Process Parallelization Methods: N/A
  • Thread Parallelization Methods: OpenMP
  • Number of Processes: 1
  • Elapsed Time per Case: 200 Hour(s)

JSS3 Resources Used

 

Fraction of Usage in Total Resources*1(%): 0.43

 

Details

Please refer to System Configuration of JSS3 for the system configuration and major specifications of JSS3.

Computational Resources
System Name CPU Resources Used
(Core x Hours)
Fraction of Usage*2(%)
TOKI-SORA 1575436.51 0.07
TOKI-ST 2883486.05 2.88
TOKI-GP 0.00 0.00
TOKI-XM 0.00 0.00
TOKI-LM 0.00 0.00
TOKI-TST 63552.59 1.67
TOKI-TGP 0.00 0.00
TOKI-TLM 0.00 0.00

 

File System Resources
File System Name Storage Assigned
(GiB)
Fraction of Usage*2(%)
/home 104.16 0.09
/data and /data2 21146.11 0.16
/ssd 679.15 0.09

 

Archiver Resources
Archiver Name Storage Used
(TiB)
Fraction of Usage*2(%)
J-SPACE 0.00 0.00

*1: Fraction of Usage in Total Resources: Weighted average of three resource types (Computing, File System, and Archiver).

*2: Fraction of Usage:Percentage of usage relative to each resource used in one year.

 

ISV Software Licenses Used

ISV Software Licenses Resources
ISV Software Licenses Used
(Hours)
Fraction of Usage*2(%)
ISV Software Licenses
(Total)
57.43 0.04

*2: Fraction of Usage:Percentage of usage relative to each resource used in one year.

JAXA Supercomputer System Annual Report February 2022-January 2023